Abstract:
Sports nutrition: science and practical application in relation to improvement of performance and preservation of the health of athletes. IOC Consensus Statement Aleksandr Dmitriev, Larisa Gunina
Objective. In the light of the IOC Consensus Statement, to develop the modern ideas about the directions of development of sports nutrition science, its basic principles, problems and prospects for their solution.
Methods. Analysis and generalization of data from scientifi c and methodological literature, and normative documents on this issue.
Results. The generalization of published data on the basis of the IOC Consensus Statement on the use of dietary supplements among highly qualifi ed athletes made it possible to develop not only the concept of sports nutrition science as a new fi eld of scientifi c knowledge and practical application, but also to outline the main principles for its implementation in the practice of athletes’ training and to highlight the main groups of supplements that can be used in high performance sport. It was emphasized that the strategic directions for the implementation of the Consensus Statement published in March 2018 are the stimulation of physical performance and the acceleration of recovery processes and the preservation of the health of athletes through the rational and reasonable use of nutritional supplements, functional foods, and individual nutrients. For the fi rst time, the concept of ergogenic nutritional aids was developed that makes it possible in the future to revise the system of pharmacological support of sports training.
Conclusion. It was emphasized that the applied nutritional aids must meet the quality standards for nutritional supplements, while ensuring proper control over their production, distribution, and, especially, the use by athletes.
Methods of nutritional support for physical activity should take into account the specialization and qualifi cation of athletes, their sex and age characteristics, and should be applied depending on the period of preparation and focus of training loads. In connection with the improvement of the methods and the tightening of the procedure for doping control, it is extremely important that nutritional ergogenic agents do not contain substances belonging to the WADA Prohibited List, while providing a pronounced eff ect of stimulating performance along with maintaining the mental and physical health of athletes.
Objective. In the light of the IOC Consensus Statement, to develop the modern ideas about the directions of development of sports nutrition science, its basic principles, problems and prospects for their solution.
Methods. Analysis and generalization of data from scientifi c and methodological literature, and normative documents on this issue.
Results. The generalization of published data on the basis of the IOC Consensus Statement on the use of dietary supplements among highly qualifi ed athletes made it possible to develop not only the concept of sports nutrition science as a new fi eld of scientifi c knowledge and practical application, but also to outline the main principles for its implementation in the practice of athletes’ training and to highlight the main groups of supplements that can be used in high performance sport. It was emphasized that the strategic directions for the implementation of the Consensus Statement published in March 2018 are the stimulation of physical performance and the acceleration of recovery processes and the preservation of the health of athletes through the rational and reasonable use of nutritional supplements, functional foods, and individual nutrients. For the fi rst time, the concept of ergogenic nutritional aids was developed that makes it possible in the future to revise the system of pharmacological support of sports training.
Conclusion. It was emphasized that the applied nutritional aids must meet the quality standards for nutritional supplements, while ensuring proper control over their production, distribution, and, especially, the use by athletes.
Methods of nutritional support for physical activity should take into account the specialization and qualifi cation of athletes, their sex and age characteristics, and should be applied depending on the period of preparation and focus of training loads. In connection with the improvement of the methods and the tightening of the procedure for doping control, it is extremely important that nutritional ergogenic agents do not contain substances belonging to the WADA Prohibited List, while providing a pronounced eff ect of stimulating performance along with maintaining the mental and physical health of athletes.
Аннотация:
Цель. В свете Консенсуса МОК сформировать современные представления о направлениях развития спортивной нутрициологии, ее основных принципах, проблемах и перспективах их решения.
Методы. Анализ и обобщение данных научно-методической литературы, нормативных документов.
Результаты. Обобщение данных литературы с использованием в качестве основополагающего документа Положений Консенсуса МОК по применению пищевых (диетических) добавок у высококвалифицированных спортсменов, позволило сформировать не только представление о спортивной нутрициологии как о новой сфере научного знания и практического применения, но и выделить основные принципы ее реализации в практике подготовки спортсменов, осветить основные группы добавок, которые могут применяться в спорте высших достижений. Подчеркивается, что стратегическими направлениями реализации опубликованного в марте 2018 г. Консенсуса являются стимуляция физической работоспособности и ускорение восстановительных процессов, сохранение здоровья спортсменов при рациональном и обоснованном использовании пищевых добавок, продуктов функционального питания спортсменов и отдельных нутриентов. Впервые сформулировано понятие об эргогенных нутрициологических средствах, что в дальнейшем даст возможность пересмотра системы фармакологического обеспечения спортивной подготовки.
Заключение. Подчеркивается, что применяемые нутрициологические средства должны отвечать стандартам качества пищевых добавок при обеспечении должного контроля за их производством, распространением и, особенно, использованием спортсменами.
Методы нутрициологической поддержки двигательной активности должны учитывать специализацию и квалификацию спортсменов, их половозрастные особенности и применяться в зависимости от периода подготовки и направленности нагрузок. В связи с совершенствованием методов и ужесточением процедуры допинг-контроля крайне важно, чтобы нутрициологические эргогенные средства не содержали веществ, относящихся к Запрещенному списку WADA, при этом обеспечивая выраженный эффект стимуляции работоспособности на фоне поддержания ментального и физического здоровья спортсменов.
